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	Author	Adriana Romero; Carlo Gatta; Gustavo Camps-Valls
	Title	Unsupervised Deep Feature Extraction Of Hyperspectral Images			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2014	Publication	6th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Convolutional networks; deep learning; sparse learning; feature extraction; hyperspectral image classification
	Abstract	This paper presents an effective unsupervised sparse feature learning algorithm to train deep convolutional networks on hyperspectral images. Deep convolutional hierarchical representations are learned and then used for pixel classification. Features in lower layers present less abstract representations of data, while higher layers represent more abstract and complex characteristics. We successfully illustrate the performance of the extracted representations in a challenging AVIRIS hyperspectral image classification problem, compared to standard dimensionality reduction methods like principal component analysis (PCA) and its kernel counterpart (kPCA). The proposed method largely outperforms the previous state-ofthe-art results on the same experimental setting. Results show that single layer networks can extract powerful discriminative features only when the receptive field accounts for neighboring pixels. Regarding the deep architecture, we can conclude that: (1) additional layers in a deep architecture significantly improve the performance w.r.t. single layer variants; (2) the max-pooling step in each layer is mandatory to achieve satisfactory results; and (3) the performance gain w.r.t. the number of layers is upper bounded, since the spatial resolution is reduced at each pooling, resulting in too spatially coarse output features.
	Address	Lausanne; Switzerland; June 2014
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	WHISPERS
	Notes	MILAB; LAMP; 600.079			Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ si @ RGC2014			Serial	2513
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