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Author |
Zhijie Fang |
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Title |
Behavior understanding of vulnerable road users by 2D pose estimation |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Anticipating the intentions of vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as pedestrians
and cyclists can be critical for performing safe and comfortable driving maneuvers. This is the case for human driving and, therefore, should be taken into account by systems providing any level of driving assistance, i.e. from advanced driver assistant systems (ADAS) to fully autonomous vehicles (AVs). In this PhD work, we show how the latest advances on monocular vision-based human pose estimation, i.e. those relying on deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), enable to recognize the intentions of such VRUs. In the case of cyclists, we assume that they follow the established traffic codes to indicate future left/right turns and stop maneuvers with arm signals. In the case of pedestrians, no indications can be assumed a priori. Instead, we hypothesize that the walking pattern of a pedestrian can allow us to determine if he/she has the intention of crossing the road in the path of the egovehicle, so that the ego-vehicle must maneuver accordingly (e.g. slowing down or stopping). In this PhD work, we show how the same methodology can be used for recognizing pedestrians and cyclists’ intentions. For pedestrians, we perform experiments on the publicly available Daimler and JAAD datasets. For cyclists, we did not found an analogous dataset, therefore, we created our own one by acquiring
and annotating corresponding video-sequences which we aim to share with the
research community. Overall, the proposed pipeline provides new state-of-the-art results on the intention recognition of VRUs. |
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Address |
May 2019 |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
Ediciones Graficas Rey |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
Antonio Lopez;David Vazquez |
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ISBN  |
978-84-948531-6-6 |
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Notes |
ADAS; 600.118 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Fan2019 |
Serial |
3388 |
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Author |
Jose Manuel Alvarez |
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Title |
Combining Context and Appearance for Road Detection |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
PhD Thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona-CVC |
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Abstract |
Road traffic crashes have become a major cause of death and injury throughout the world.
Hence, in order to improve road safety, the automobile manufacture is moving towards the
development of vehicles with autonomous functionalities such as keeping in the right lane, safe distance keeping between vehicles or regulating the speed of the vehicle according to the traffic conditions. A key component of these systems is vision–based road detection that aims to detect the free road surface ahead the moving vehicle. Detecting the road using a monocular vision system is very challenging since the road is an outdoor scenario imaged from a mobile platform. Hence, the detection algorithm must be able to deal with continuously changing imaging conditions such as the presence ofdifferent objects (vehicles, pedestrians), different environments (urban, highways, off–road), different road types (shape, color), and different imaging conditions (varying illumination, different viewpoints and changing weather conditions). Therefore, in this thesis, we focus on vision–based road detection using a single color camera. More precisely, we first focus on analyzing and grouping pixels according to their low–level properties. In this way, two different approaches are presented to exploit
color and photometric invariance. Then, we focus the research of the thesis on exploiting context information. This information provides relevant knowledge about the road not using pixel features from road regions but semantic information from the analysis of the scene.
In this way, we present two different approaches to infer the geometry of the road ahead
the moving vehicle. Finally, we focus on combining these context and appearance (color)
approaches to improve the overall performance of road detection algorithms. The qualitative and quantitative results presented in this thesis on real–world driving sequences show that the proposed method is robust to varying imaging conditions, road types and scenarios going beyond the state–of–the–art. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Ph.D. thesis |
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Publisher |
Ediciones Graficas Rey |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
Antonio Lopez;Theo Gevers |
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978-84-937261-8-8 |
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Notes |
ADAS |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Alv2010 |
Serial |
1454 |
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Author |
Jose Manuel Alvarez; Y. LeCun; Theo Gevers; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Semantic Road Segmentation via Multi-Scale Ensembles of Learned Features |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
12th European Conference on Computer Vision – Workshops and Demonstrations |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7584 |
Issue |
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Pages |
586-595 |
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Keywords |
road detection |
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Abstract |
Semantic segmentation refers to the process of assigning an object label (e.g., building, road, sidewalk, car, pedestrian) to every pixel in an image. Common approaches formulate the task as a random field labeling problem modeling the interactions between labels by combining local and contextual features such as color, depth, edges, SIFT or HoG. These models are trained to maximize the likelihood of the correct classification given a training set. However, these approaches rely on hand–designed features (e.g., texture, SIFT or HoG) and a higher computational time required in the inference process.
Therefore, in this paper, we focus on estimating the unary potentials of a conditional random field via ensembles of learned features. We propose an algorithm based on convolutional neural networks to learn local features from training data at different scales and resolutions. Then, diversification between these features is exploited using a weighted linear combination. Experiments on a publicly available database show the effectiveness of the proposed method to perform semantic road scene segmentation in still images. The algorithm outperforms appearance based methods and its performance is similar compared to state–of–the–art methods using other sources of information such as depth, motion or stereo. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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LNCS |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0302-9743 |
ISBN |
978-3-642-33867-0 |
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Conference |
ECCVW |
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Notes |
ADAS;ISE |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ ALG2012; ADAS @ adas |
Serial |
2187 |
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Author |
Jose Manuel Alvarez; Theo Gevers; Y. LeCun; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Road Scene Segmentation from a Single Image |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
12th European Conference on Computer Vision |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7578 |
Issue |
VII |
Pages |
376-389 |
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Keywords |
road detection |
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Abstract |
Road scene segmentation is important in computer vision for different applications such as autonomous driving and pedestrian detection. Recovering the 3D structure of road scenes provides relevant contextual information to improve their understanding.
In this paper, we use a convolutional neural network based algorithm to learn features from noisy labels to recover the 3D scene layout of a road image. The novelty of the algorithm relies on generating training labels by applying an algorithm trained on a general image dataset to classify on–board images. Further, we propose a novel texture descriptor based on a learned color plane fusion to obtain maximal uniformity in road areas. Finally, acquired (off–line) and current (on–line) information are combined to detect road areas in single images.
From quantitative and qualitative experiments, conducted on publicly available datasets, it is concluded that convolutional neural networks are suitable for learning 3D scene layout from noisy labels and provides a relative improvement of 7% compared to the baseline. Furthermore, combining color planes provides a statistical description of road areas that exhibits maximal uniformity and provides a relative improvement of 8% compared to the baseline. Finally, the improvement is even bigger when acquired and current information from a single image are combined |
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Address |
Florence, Italy |
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Publisher |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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LNCS |
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ISSN |
0302-9743 |
ISBN |
978-3-642-33785-7 |
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Conference |
ECCV |
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Notes |
ADAS;ISE |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ AGL2012; ADAS @ adas @ agl2012a |
Serial |
2022 |
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Author |
Ferran Diego; Jose Manuel Alvarez; Joan Serrat; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Vision-based road detection via on-line video registration |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
13th Annual International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1135–1140 |
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Keywords |
video alignment; road detection |
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Abstract |
TB6.2
Road segmentation is an essential functionality for supporting advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) such as road following and vehicle and pedestrian detection. Significant efforts have been made in order to solve this task using vision-based techniques. The major challenge is to deal with lighting variations and the presence of objects on the road surface. In this paper, we propose a new road detection method to infer the areas of the image depicting road surfaces without performing any image segmentation. The idea is to previously segment manually or semi-automatically the road region in a traffic-free reference video record on a first drive. And then to transfer these regions to the frames of a second video sequence acquired later in a second drive through the same road, in an on-line manner. This is possible because we are able to automatically align the two videos in time and space, that is, to synchronize them and warp each frame of the first video to its corresponding frame in the second one. The geometric transform can thus transfer the road region to the present frame on-line. In order to reduce the different lighting conditions which are present in outdoor scenarios, our approach incorporates a shadowless feature space which represents an image in an illuminant-invariant feature space. Furthermore, we propose a dynamic background subtraction algorithm which removes the regions containing vehicles in the observed frames which are within the transferred road region. |
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Address |
Madeira Island (Portugal) |
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ISSN |
2153-0009 |
ISBN |
978-1-4244-7657-2 |
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Conference |
ITSC |
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Notes |
ADAS |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
ADAS @ adas @ DAS2010 |
Serial |
1424 |
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Author |
Jose Manuel Alvarez; Theo Gevers; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
3D Scene Priors for Road Detection |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
23rd IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Pages |
57–64 |
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Keywords |
road detection |
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Abstract |
Vision-based road detection is important in different areas of computer vision such as autonomous driving, car collision warning and pedestrian crossing detection. However, current vision-based road detection methods are usually based on low-level features and they assume structured roads, road homogeneity, and uniform lighting conditions. Therefore, in this paper, contextual 3D information is used in addition to low-level cues. Low-level photometric invariant cues are derived from the appearance of roads. Contextual cues used include horizon lines, vanishing points, 3D scene layout and 3D road stages. Moreover, temporal road cues are included. All these cues are sensitive to different imaging conditions and hence are considered as weak cues. Therefore, they are combined to improve the overall performance of the algorithm. To this end, the low-level, contextual and temporal cues are combined in a Bayesian framework to classify road sequences. Large scale experiments on road sequences show that the road detection method is robust to varying imaging conditions, road types, and scenarios (tunnels, urban and highway). Further, using the combined cues outperforms all other individual cues. Finally, the proposed method provides highest road detection accuracy when compared to state-of-the-art methods. |
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Address |
San Francisco; CA; USA; June 2010 |
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ISSN |
1063-6919 |
ISBN |
978-1-4244-6984-0 |
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Conference |
CVPR |
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Notes |
ADAS;ISE |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
ADAS @ adas @ AGL2010a |
Serial |
1302 |
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Author |
Jose Manuel Alvarez |
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Title |
On-Board Road Surface Segmentation |
Type |
Report |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
CVC Technical Report #108 |
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CVC (UAB) |
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ADAS |
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no |
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Call Number |
Admin @ si @ Alv2007 |
Serial |
820 |
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Author |
Angel Sappa; Rosa Herrero; Fadi Dornaika; David Geronimo; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Road Approximation in Euclidean and v-Disparity Space: A Comparative Study |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Computer Aided Systems Theory, |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4739 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1105–1112 |
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Abstract |
This paper presents a comparative study between two road approximation techniques—planar surfaces—from stereo vision data. The first approach is carried out in the v-disparity space and is based on a voting scheme, the Hough transform. The second one consists in computing the best fitting plane for the whole 3D road data points, directly in the Euclidean space, by using least squares fitting. The comparative study is initially performed over a set of different synthetic surfaces
(e.g., plane, quadratic surface, cubic surface) digitized by a virtual stereo head; then real data obtained with a commercial stereo head are used. The comparative study is intended to be used as a criterion for fining the best technique according to the road geometry. Additionally, it highlights common problems driven from a wrong assumption about the scene’s prior knowledge. |
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Address |
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain) |
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Conference |
EUROCAST |
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Notes |
ADAS |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
ADAS @ adas @ SHD2007b |
Serial |
917 |
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Author |
Angel Sappa; Rosa Herrero; Fadi Dornaika; David Geronimo; Antonio Lopez |
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Title |
Road Approximation in Euclidean and v-Disparity Space: A Comparative Study |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
EUROCAST2007, Workshop on Cybercars and Intelligent Vehicles |
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368–369 |
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Abstract |
This paper presents a comparative study between two road approximation techniques—planar surfaces—from stereo vision data. The first approach is carried out in the v-disparity space and is based on a voting scheme, the Hough transform. The second one consists in computing the best fitting plane for the whole 3D road data points, directly in the Euclidean space, by using least squares fitting. The comparative study is initially performed over a set of different synthetic surfaces
(e.g., plane, quadratic surface, cubic surface) digitized by a virtual stereo head; then real data obtained with a commercial stereo head are used. The comparative study is intended to be used as a criterion for fining the best technique according to the road geometry. Additionally, it highlights common problems driven from a wrong assumption about the scene’s prior knowledge. |
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Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain) |
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ADAS |
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no |
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Call Number |
ADAS @ adas @ SHD2007a |
Serial |
936 |
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Author |
Jose Manuel Alvarez; Antonio Lopez; Ramon Baldrich |
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Title |
Shadow Resistant Road Segmentation from a Mobile Monocular System |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
3rd Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis (IbPRIA 2007), J. Marti et al. (Eds.) LNCS 4477:9–16 |
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road detection |
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Address |
Gerona (Spain) |
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ADAS;CIC |
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no |
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Call Number |
ADAS @ adas @ ALB2007 |
Serial |
943 |
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